Fenotipos clínicos de estomatitis por metotrexato

Rodrigo Meza Romero; Silvina González; Graciela Manzur

doi:10.47196/da.v31i2.2870

Authors

Rodrigo Meza Romero José de San Martín Clinical Hospital, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Silvina González José de San Martín Clinical Hospital, University of Buenos Aires, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
Graciela Manzur José de San Martín Clinical Hospital, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47196/da.v31i2.2870

Keywords:

methotrexate, stomatitis, mucositis, aphthoid lesions, oral lichenoid reaction

Abstract

Methotrexate (MTX) is an antimetabolite widely used to treat immune-mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Its adverse effects include the development of mucocutaneous erosions and ulcers, which are considered early signs of systemic toxicity. The risk of these lesions is associated with factors such as overdose, renal insufficiency, and altered bioavailability. Oral manifestations, more common than cutaneous ones, include three clinical phenotypes: diffuse mucositis, irregular aphthoid lesions, and lichenoid reaction. This article describes two clinical cases with distinct oral toxicity phenotypes induced by MTX, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management. Furthermore, the need for future research to establish the correlation between clinical phenotypes of stomatitis and the risk of systemic involvement is emphasized.

Author Biographies

Rodrigo Meza Romero, José de San Martín Clinical Hospital, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Department of Dermatology, UC-Christus Health Network, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. Rotating Intern in the Stomatology Section, Dermatology Service

Silvina González, José de San Martín Clinical Hospital, University of Buenos Aires, City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Head of the Stomatology Section, Dermatology Service

Graciela Manzur, José de San Martín Clinical Hospital, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Head of the Dermatology Service

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